Guidelines to the Authors

Indian Journal of Extension Education

Focus and Scope

The Indian Journal of Extension Education is the open access, indexed, and peer-reviewed official publication of the Indian Society of Extension Education (ISEE), Division of Agricultural Extension, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, INDIA. The first issue of the journal was published during 1965 with the initial financial assistance United States Agency for International Development (USAID), New Delhi, which later on carried over by the ISEE resources. The focus subject areas of the Indian Journal of Extension Education include; Agricultural Extension, Agricultural Communication, Agricultural Entrepreneurship, Extension Management, Agricultural Education, Socioeconomic Studies, Rural Sociology and educational Psychology, Adoption and diffusion of Farm Innovations, Agricultural Diversification, ICT application in Agriculture, Planned Agricultural Change, Agricultural & Rural Development, and Contemporary Agricultural Extension issues related to Agricultural Science/ Dairying / Communication/ Home Science / Fisheries / Veterinary and allied social sciences. The Indian Journal of Extension Education publishes peer-reviewed original manuscripts in the field of extension education and allied fields. The journal accepts original research papers, research tools, and research notes only.

The journal has been listed on the UGC-CARE List since January 2023.

https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/2454-552X

About the Publisher (The Indian Society of Extension Education (ISEE), New Delhi)

The Indian Society of Extension Education, New Delhi is the publisher of the Indian Journal of Extension Education. From June 2021, Ms. ACS Publisher, New Delhi is a Service Providing Agency for DOI activation and data submission to indexing agencies. The ISEE is a registered professional society under the Societies Registration Act 21 of 1860 (Punjab Amendment Act,1957) as extended to the Union Territory of Delhi. The registration number is S-2504 of 1964-65. The ISEE is mandated to advance the cause of Extension Education. The Society shall seek to achieve the objectives by publishing the Indian Journal of Extension (ISSN 0537-1996 (print) and 2454-552X (online)), books, monographs, etc. The ISEE facilitates closer association among members and other scientific workers in India and abroad to promote professional experience in teaching, research, and extension. The ISEE encourages fundamental as well as applied research in the field of extension education.

As per the bylaws of ISEE, anyone with a post-graduate degree in Extension Education/ Agricultural Extension/ Dairy Extension/ Agricultural Communication/ Home Science Extension/ Fisheries Extension/ Veterinary Extension, and allied social sciences can become a life member. However, ordinary membership (annual only) is open to all those who are interested in the field of extension education. Student membership is open for any student of a university/ technical college/ research institute/ college/ technical school pursuing a Master’s or Doctoral degree in any of the branches (agriculture/ dairy/veterinary/home science/ fisheries etc.) of extension education. The student membership is valid for five years only.

The society believes in long term relations with the perspective authors of the manuscripts. To publish a manuscript in the Indian Journal of Extension Education, it is expected that at least the first or corresponding author must be a life member/ ordinary member of the Indian Society of Extension Education, New Delhi. The details of the membership requirements and fee etc. may be accessed at http://www.iseeiari.org/ 

Authors’ Guidelines

The Indian Journal of Extension Education is the peer-reviewed, open-access, and indexed official publication of the Indian Society of Extension Education (ISEE), New Delhi. It publishes original research papers in the field of extension education and allied fields.

It publishes original Research articles, Research Notes and Research Tools in the field of extension education and allied fields. Manuscripts for publication should be submitted online on https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJEE/about/submissions . Before submission of the manuscript, it is strongly advised that it may be checked and edited by your coauthor(s), professional colleagues for its technical contents including grammatical and spelling correctness. The length of the manuscript should not exceed 5000 words. The manuscripts below 3000 words will be considered for RESEARCH NOTE only. Do not submit manuscripts below 2000 words. Under the Research Tool section, do not explain well-established facts and methodology. Only the explanation of the methodology followed is required. Try to sum up in 1-2 tables only. The plagiarism must be checked before submission with appropriate software (Turnitin/URKUND/ithenticate/ ouriginal etc.) and should be submitted as a supplementary file and it should be below 10 %. The Research Ethics Statement (in prescribed format) duly signed by all authors must be submitted with the manuscript. The official email of the chief editor of the society is [email protected]   and [email protected]

Without a research ethics statement and plagiarism check report, the manuscript will not be further processed.

The submitted manuscripts will be evaluated by the editorial members and referees for their suitability. The manuscript will be sent back to the author to carry out the changes or modifications as suggested by the referees and editorial member. Any manuscript has to be uploaded only through electronic form (as an attachment) through http://epubs.icar.org.in/ejournal/index.php/ijee. While uploading, care must be taken to submit complete metadata of all the authors, plagiarism check report, research ethics statements etc.

The manuscript should be arranged as follows: Title, authors and their affiliations, highlights, abstract, keyword, introduction, methodology, results, discussion, conclusion and references. Kindly check the recent issues at    https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJEE/index or http://www.iseeiari.org/

Title Page: The names, current affiliation, complete address (the place where work was conducted) including e-mail address of author(s), Present address(es) of the author(s) if applicable; Complete correspondence address including email address to which the proofs should be sent. Do not use abbreviations or acronyms for the designation of job, position, and institution name. The title must be centred (14 points bold). The first letter of every word of the title should be in upper case (Capital letters). All other letters should be in lowercase (small letters). Example: Socioeconomic Impact of Self-Help Groups.

The names, current affiliation, complete address (place where work was conducted) including e-mail address of author(s), Present address(es) of author(s) if applicable; Complete correspondence address including email address to which the proofs should be sent (Kindly check journal style in published manuscripts). Do not use abbreviation or acronyms for designation of job, position and institution name.

The TITLE should not exceed 14 words and must be representative of the content. centred (14 point bold). The first letter of the every word of the title should be in upper case (Capital letter). All other letter should be in lower case (small letters). Example: Socio economic Impact of Self Help Groups.

The HIGHLIGHTS of the manuscript should be presented in 3-5 bullet points. Each bullet should not exceed 20 words. Each bullet should either describe any result or significant inference.

The ABSTRACT is a mini version of full paper. Abstract should contain year of study, brief account of principal objective(s), methods used, principal results, and main conclusion in understandable form so that the reader need not refer to the whole article except for details. The abstract should ideally be structured according to the IMRaD format (Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion). It should be written in simple past tense, in complete sentences, limited to 150-200 words. It should not have references to literature, illustrations, and tables.The year of research endeavor must be part of it.

The KEYWORDS best describe the nature of the research after the abstract. Provide a list of 5 to 8 keywords (indexing terms). The first letter of each keyword should be in upper case or capital letters. As major words in the title are not used in the subject index, appropriate words from the title (or synonyms) should be listed as keywords.

The INTRODUCTION provides a rationale for the study, written in the present tense, which refers to established knowledge in literature. It should contain the nature and scope of the problem, a review of relevant literature, a hypothesis, an approach, and a justification for this approach. No trade name should be used and Industrial products should be referred to by their chemical names (give ingredients in parentheses) at first mention. In the absence of a common name, use the full name or a defined abbreviation, in preference to a trade name. It should be between 450-500 words.

The’ METHODOLOGY ’ describes what was done- an experimental model or field study. It should be an exhaustive one (in a logical order, with sufficient details to reproduce the procedure) without tables and figures (approximately 300- 400 words). The subheadings must be avoided as far as possible in methodology. It should be written in the simple past tense. Where the methods are well known, the citation of standard work is sufficient. All modifications of procedures must be explained. Experimental materials and statistical models should be described clearly and fully. Calculations and the validity of deductions made from them should be checked and validated. Units of measurement, symbols, and standard abbreviations should conform to international standards. Metric measurements are preferred, and dosages should be expressed entirely in metric units (SI units). Give the meaning of all symbols immediately after the equation in which they are first used.

The RESULTS AND DISCUSSION should be written separately and avoid repetition of the results in the discussion.

The RESULTS present the data, the facts- what you found/ calculated/ discovered/ observed. It should be written in simple past tense to report your observations on experiment/ fieldwork, its comparison/contrast. Only the salient results need to be presented instead of writing the whole tabular/ graphical data in text. Too many paragraphs are discouraged; one concept must be dealt with at one place and time in one paragraph.

Avoid making too many tables just for the number’s sake, do not give socio-personal profile table and text till it is utmost necessary and has some bearing on the other part of the research. Results should be presented in tabular form and graphs where ever feasible but not both. The colour figures and plates during printing in black and white may lose information. Mean results with the relevant standard errors should be presented rather than detailed data. The data should be so arranged that the tables would fit in the normal layout of the page. Self-explanatory tables should be typed on separate sheets and carry appropriate titles. The titles of tables/figures should not be more than 12 words. The tabular matter should not exceed 20% of the text. Any abbreviation used in a table must be defined in that table. All tables should be cited in the text. If an explanation is necessary, use an abbreviation in the body of the table (e.g. ND) and explain clearly in footnotes what the abbreviation means. References to footnotes in a table are specified by superscript numbers, independently for each table. Superscript letters are used to designate statistical significance. Use a lower case p to indicate probability values (i.e. p<0.05). In general, use numerals, when two numbers appear adjacent to each other, spell out the first (i.e. three districts were selected rather than 3 districts were selected). In a series using some numbers less than 10 and some more than 10 use numerals for all (i.e. 2 splits, 6 plants were selected). Do not begin a sentence with a numeral. Spell it out or rearrange the sentence. Abbreviate the terms hour (h), minute (min) and second (sec) when used with a number in the text but spell them out when they are used alone. Do not use a hyphen to indicate inclusiveness (e.g. use 12 to 14 year or wk 3 and 4 not 12-14 mg or wk 3-4). Use Arabic numerals with abbreviated units of measure: 2 g, 5 d, $4.00, 3% and numerical designations in the text: exp 1, group 3, etc. Figures (histogram/pie chart/another type of charts) should be in editable rich text material with the backup data file. The image of the figure or jpg/jpeg is not be allowed.

The DISCUSSION shows the relationship among the facts, it puts results in context of previous researches, and the emphasis must be on presenting results in relation to established knowledge. The discussion should contain trends, relationships, generalizations, any exception, outlying data, agreement/ disagreement with previous researches with reasons. The discussion should be written in present tense. The discussion should be written in the present tense. Limit the discussion within 400-600 words.

The CONCLUSION summarises principal findings and should not be of more than one paragraph (100-150 words). The discussion explains in general terms the implications of the findings of this research. It has to be written in present tense and the emphasis must be on what should now be accepted as established knowledge. Conclusion should relate back to introduction and hypothesis. The significance of your results or any practical application/ implication must find place in conclusion. Abbreviations, acronyms, or citations should not be used here. It should not be a repetition of the abstract.

The REFERENCES lists should be typed in alphabetical order. The reference list should be first sorted alphabetically by author(s) and secondly chronologically. A recent issue of the journal should be consulted for the methods of citation of REFERENCES in the text as well as at the end of the article. The Indian Journal of Extension Education (IJEE) follows common APA Style references and citation in text. Journal name should never be abbreviated. For more information on references and reference examples,  see Chapters 8, 9 and 10 of the Publication Manual as well as the Concise Guide to APA Style (7th ed.). Also see the Reference Examples pages on the APA Style website. Few examples of references as well as in-text citation are given at https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/ijee/about#:~:text=ISSN/2454%2D552X-,Authors%27%20Guidelines,-The%20Indian%20Journal

• There must be at least 15 references from the related researches. It is appreciable if the references are from Social Science/ Extension Education/Communication/ Entrepreneurship/ Management/ Education related journals. References from other non-social science journals are not appreciated. A minimum of three references from previous three years’ issues of IJEE available at epubs only are encouraged. Check capitalization Vs sentence case properly. In references the ‘&’ should be used instead of ‘and’ before last author name, whereas in the text it should be ‘and’. The word ‘et al’ must not be italics in the text. The reference, in general, should not be older than 15 years and should be from published sources only. Avoid unpublished thesis (older than five years) references. Wherever possible provide the URL of the reference. Unauthenticated references may lead to the rejection of manuscript.

  The manuscript should always be written in third person form (Avoid I /We / Research Team / Project Team etc.).There is always a different style for paper writing and thesis writing, try to be precise enough without compromising the quality. Avoid too many paragraphs; one concept must be dealt with at one place and time in one paragraph. There must not be more than 3-4 subheadings in the result, the table & figures must be limited to a maximum of 6 for the research paper and 3 for the research note. Avoid presenting the same data in text, table, and figures verbatim. Avoid giving socio personal profile till it is utmost necessary and has some bearing on the other part of the research. Also discouraged too many columns in the table, like; number/ frequency in one column, the percentage in second and rank in third, only one column showing percent will be sufficient.

  Authors must obtain permission to reproduce any copyrighted material, and include an acknowledgement of the source in their article. They should be aware that the unreferenced use of the published and unpublished ideas, writing or illustrations of others, or submission of a complete paper under new authorship in a different or the same language, is plagiarism.

  Articles forwarded to the editor for publication are understood to be offered to the Indian Journal of Extension Education exclusively and the copyrights automatically stand transferred to the Indian Society of Extension Education. It is also understood that the authors have obtained the approval of their department, faculty, or institute in cases where such permission is necessary. The Editorial Board takes no responsibility for facts or opinions expressed in the Journal, which rests entirely with the authors thereof. Proof-correction should be in Track Change mode. All queries marked in the article should be answered. Proofs are supplied for a check-up of the correctness of typesetting and facts. The proofs should be returned within stipulated time (normally 3 days). The alternation in authors name/ corresponding author name is not permitted at any later stage after the article is submitted to the Indian Journal of Extension Education. The submitter of the manuscript will be treated as corresponding author for all purposes.

  The Article Certificate, Author Contribution Form, Disclosure of Competing Interest and Declaration of Conflict of Interest duly signed by all the authors should be mailed in original to the Chief Editor, ISEE on acceptance of the manuscript in the prescribed format (https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/ijee/about  ) downloadable from  https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJEE/libraryFiles/downloadPublic/id  . In absence of these certificates, the manuscript processing will immediately be stopped and will not be published.

Reference Section

Indian Journal of Extension Education (IJEE) follows common APA Style references and citations in text. Journal names should never be abbreviated. For more information on references and reference examples, see Chapters 8, 9, and 10 of the Publication Manual as well as the Concise Guide to APA Style (7th ed.). Also, see the Reference Examples pages on the APA Style website. A few examples of reference sections as well as text citations are given below:

Including minimum of three references from previous issues of IJEE is desirable· There must be at least 15 references from the related researches. It is appreciable if the references are from Social Science/ Extension Education/ Communication/ Entrepreneurship/ Management/ Education related journals. The reference, in general, should not be older than 15 years and should be from published sources only. Avoid unpublished thesis (older than five years) references. Wherever possible provide the URL of the reference. Unauthenticated references will lead to rejection of article
Indian Journal of Extension Education follows common APA Style references and citation in text. Journal name should never be abbreviated. For more information on references and reference examples, see Chapters 8, 9 and 10 of the Publication Manual as well as the Concise Guide to APA Style (7th ed.). Also see the Reference Examples pages on the APA Style website. Few examples are of reference section as well as text citation are given below:

a) Journal Articles

Lachner, A., Backfisch, I., Hoogerheide, V., van Gog, T., & Renkl, A. (2020). Timing matters! Explaining between study phases enhances students’ learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 112(4), 841–853. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000396

b) Online Magazine Article

Gander, K. (2020, April 29). COVID-19 vaccine being developed in Australia raises antibodies to neutralize virus in pre-clinical tests. Newsweek. https://www.newsweek.com/australia-covid-19-vaccine-neutralize-virus-1500849

c) Print Magazine Article

Nicholl, K. (2020, May). A royal spark. Vanity Fair, 62(5), 56–65, 100.

e) Print Newspaper Article

Reynolds, G. (2019, April 9). Different strokes for athletic hearts. The New York Times,D4.

f) Blog Post

Rutledge, P. (2019, March 11). The upside of social media. The Media Psychology Blog. https://www.pamelarutledge.com/2019/03/11/the-upside-of-social-media/

g) Authored Book

Kaufman, K. A., Glass, C. R., & Pineau, T. R. (2018). Mindful sport performance enhancement: Mental training for athletes and coaches. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000048-000

h) Edited Book Chapter

Zeleke, W. A., Hughes, T. L., & Drozda, N. (2020). Home–school collaboration to promote mind–body health. In C. Maykel & M. A. Bray (Eds.), Promoting mind–body health in schools: Interventions for mental health professionals (pp. 11–26). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000157-002

i) Online Dictionary Entry

American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Internet addiction. In APA dictionary of psychology. Retrieved April 24, 2020, from https://dictionary.apa.org/internet-addiction

j) Report by a Group Author

World Health Organization. (2014). Comprehensive implementation plan on maternal, infant and young child nutrition. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/113048/WHO_NMH_NHD_14.1_ eng.pdf?ua=1

k) Report by Individual Authors

Winthrop, R., Ziegler, L., Handa, R., & Fakoya, F. (2019). How playful learning can help leapfrog progress in education., Center for Universal Education at Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/how_playful_learning_can_help_leapfrog_progress_in_education.pdf

l) Press Release

American Psychological Association. (2020, March 2). APA reaffirms psychologists’ role in combating climate change [Press release]. https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2020/03/combating-climate-change

m) Conference Session

Davidson, R. J. (2019, August 8–11). Well-being is a skill [Conference session]. APA 2019 Convention, Chicago,IL, United States. https://irp-cdn.multiscreensite.com/a5ea5d51/files/uploaded/APA2019_ Program_190708.pdf

n) Dissertation From a Database (Section 10.6)

Horvath-Plyman, M. (2018). Social media and the college student journey: An examination of how social media use impacts social capital and affects college choice, access, and transition (Publication No. 10937367) [Doctoral dissertation, New York University]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global.

o) Preprint Article (Section 10.6)

Latimier, A., Peyre, H., & Ramus, F. (2020). A meta-analytic review of the benefit of spacing out retrieval practice episodes on retention. PsyArXiv. https://psyarxiv.com/kzy7u/

p) Data Set

O’Donohue, W. (2017). Content analysis of undergraduate psychology textbooks (ICPSR 21600; Version V1) [Data set]. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR36966.v1

q) Film or Video

Doctor, P., & Del Carmen, R. (Directors). (2015). Inside out [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures; Pixar Animation Studios.

r) TV Series Episode

Dippold, K. (Writer), & Trim, M. (Director). (2011, April 14). Fancy party (Season 3, Episode 9) [TV series episode]. In G. Daniels, H. Klein, D. Miner, & M. Schur (Executive Producers), Parks and recreation. Deedle-Dee Productions; Fremulon; 3 Arts Entertainment; Universal Media Studios.

s) Webinar

Kamin, H. S., Lee, C. L., & McAdoo, T. L. (2020). Creating references using seventh edition APA Style [Webinar]. American Psychological Association. https://apastyle.apa.org/instructional-aids/tutorials-webinars

t) YouTube Video

Above The Noise. (2017, October 18). Can procrastination be a good thing? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQMwmBNNOnQ

u) Song or Track

Nirvana. (1991). Smells like teen spirit [Song]. On Nevermind. DGC.

v) Radio Broadcast

Hersher, R. (2020, March 19). Spring starts today all over America, which is weird [Radio broadcast]. NPR. https://www.npr.org/2020/03/19/817237429/spring-starts-today-all-over america-which-is-weird3

Podcast Episode (Section 10.13)

Santos, L. (Host). (n.d.). Psychopaths and superheroes (No. 1) [Audio podcast episode]. In The happiness lab with Dr. Laurie Santos. Pushkin Industries. https://www.happinesslab.fm/season-2-episodes/episode-1

Infographic (Section 10.14)

American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Data sharing [Infographic]. https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/data-sharing-infographic.pdf

PowerPoint From a Classroom Website (Section 10.14)

Mack, R., & Spake, G. (2018). Citing open source images and formatting references for presentations [PowerPoint slides]. Canvas@FNU. https://fnu.onelogin.com/login

Tweet

Obama, B. [@BarackObama]. (2020, April 7). It’s World Health Day, and we owe a profound debt of gratitude to all our medical professionals. They’re still giving [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/ BarackObama/status/1247555328365023238

Open Educational Resource

Fagan, J. (2019, March 25). Nursing clinical brain. OER Commons. Retrieved January 7, 2020, from https://www.oercommons.org/authoring/53029-nursing-clinical-brain/view

Webpage

Chandler, N. (2020, April 9). What’s the difference between Sasquatch and Bigfoot? howstuffworks. https://science.howstuffworks.com/science-vs-myth/strange-creatures/sasquatch-bigfoot-difference.html

Webpage on a News Website

Machado, J., & Turner, K. (2020, March 7). The future of feminism. Vox. https://www.vox.com/ identities/2020/3/7/21163193/international-womens-day-2020

Webpage With a Retrieval Date

Center for Systems Science and Engineering. (2020, May 6). COVID-19 dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU). Johns Hopkins University & Medicine, Coronavirus Resource Center. Retrieved May 6, 2020, from https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html

Citations in text

The following are general guidelines to follow when writing in-text citations:

Ensure that the spelling of author names and the publication dates in reference list entries match those in the corresponding in-text citations.

Cite only works that you have read and ideas that you have incorporated into your writing. The works you cite may provide key background information, support or dispute your thesis, or offer critical definitions and data.

Readers may find a long string of citations difficult to understand, especially if they are using assistive technology such as a screen reader; therefore, include only those citations needed to support your immediate point.

Cite primary sources when possible, and cite secondary sources sparingly.

Cite sources to document all facts and figures that you mention that are not common knowledge.

To cite a specific part of a source, provide an author–date citation for the work plus information about the specific part.

Even when sources cannot be retrieved (e.g., because they are personal communications), still credit them in the text (however, avoid using online sources that are no longer recoverable).

   LAYOUT FORMAT

General: Use Times New Roman font of size 12 points. The paragraph must be justified and separated from one another with a single space.

Page layout: Format your article so that it can be printed on A4 size paper with a provision of the left, right, and top margin of 2.5 cm. The bottom margin must be 4 cm.

Major heading: All major headings (HIGHLIGHTS, ABSTRACT, KEYWORDS, INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY, RESULTS, DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND REFERENCES) should be in upper case or capital letters (14 points bold) ‘centre aligned’.

Sub-headings: Use a font size of 12 points bold. To be typed on a separate line and ‘left aligned’ first letter of the first word to be in upper case (capital letter) and all other letters in lower case (small letter) e.g. Socio-economic and psychological characteristics.

Sub-sub headings: Use a font size of 10 points bold, in italics, and ‘left aligned’. To be typed in a separate line with use with left margin. The first letter of the first word to be in upper case (capital letter) and all other letters in lower case (small letters)

Table formats: Tables have to be placed in the appropriate place in the text. They should be prepared using the Table facility of Microsoft Word. Tables must have a Table caption (up to 14 words) on the top of the Table. The first letter of the first word of the caption should be in upper case (capital letters) and all other letters in lower case (small letters). A research paper should not have more than seven Tables.

Graphic formats: Only computer-generated charts of figures (as a part of Microsoft word or GIF of JPEG files) or photographs relevant to the contents of the paper will be accepted.

Acronyms: You have to spell out the acronym for its first occurrence followed by the acronym within parenthesis. Example: Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) or Training and visit (T & V).

Plagiarism: Authors must obtain permission to reproduce any copyrighted material, and include an acknowledgement of the source in their article. They should be aware that the unreferenced use of published and unpublished ideas, writing or illustrations of others, or submission of a complete paper under new authorship in a different or the same language, is plagiarism.

Other policies: Articles forwarded to the editor for publication are understood to be offered to the Indian Journal of Extension Education exclusively and the copyrights automatically stand transferred to the Indian Society of Extension Education. It is also understood that the authors have obtained the approval of their department, faculty, or institute in cases where such permission is necessary. The Editorial Board takes no responsibility for facts or opinions expressed in the Journal, which rests entirely with the authors thereof. Proof correction should be in Track Change mode. All queries marked in the article should be answered. Proofs are supplied for a check-up of the correctness of typesetting and facts. The proofs should be returned within 3 days. The alternation in author’s name is not permitted at any later stage after the article is submitted to the Indian Journal of Extension Education. The submitter of the manuscript will be treated as corresponding author for all purposes.

Certificates: The Article Certificate, Author Contribution Form, Disclosure of Competing Interest and Declaration of Conflict of Interest duly signed by all the authors should be sent in original to the Chief Editor, IJEE on acceptance of the manuscript , whereas the Research Ethics statement to be submitted with the manuscript only. In absence of these certificates, the manuscript processing will immediately be stopped and will not be published. Format available at https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/ijee/about  and can be directly downloaded from https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/IJEE/libraryFiles/downloadPublic/id

PEER REVIEW POLICY